The preservation of the cultural values of the people of the Ebo Forest massif within the Yabassi key biodiversity area.
The preservation of the cultural values of the people of the Ebo Forest massif within the Yabassi key biodiversity area has become a necessity. It is the tangible and intangible heritage that a people must transmit from generation to generation. Gathered around the Ebo Forest Chiefs Association on February 23, 2022, the village chiefs retained that, the cultural values present on their land tenures are those that link them to their ancestors. Cultural sites (sacred forest, sacred tree), ancient buildings, monuments, tombstones, artifacts, cemeteries, … affirm their identity as a people because it creates a comprehensive framework for the preservation of cultural heritage. Beliefs and values help guide preferences for forest landscapes and forest benefits such as diversity and identity, justice, education, freedom and spirituality and condition a people’s way of life. For the chieves, these cultural values must be identified, spatialized and rehabilitated. The best way to preserve it, whatever it may be, is to share it with others. Today, AJESH, one of their technical coaches, has already helped document the cultural values in nearly 29 villages out of the 42 in the landscape. This aim of integrating cultural governance into the national natural resource management policy for sustainable development of the Ebo Forest Landscape villages. La préservation des valeurs culturelles des populations du paysage d’Ebo Forest massif area est devenue une nécessité. Il est le patrimoine matériel et immatériel qu’un peuple doit transmettre de génération en génération. Réunis autour de l’Association des Chefs Riverain de la Foret d’Ebo ce 23 février 2022, les chefs du village ont retenu que les valeurs culturelles présentes sur leurs tenures foncières sont celles qui leur lient à leurs ancêtres. Les sites culturels (forêt sacrée, arbre sacré), les bâtiments anciens, les monuments, les pierres tombale, les artefacts, les cimetières, … affirment leur identité en tant que peuple car il crée un cadre global pour la préservation du patrimoine culturel. Les croyances et les valeurs contribuent à orienter les préférences pour les paysages forestiers et avantages forestiers tels que la diversité et l’identité, la justice, l’éducation, la liberté et la spiritualité et conditionne le mode de vie d’un peuple. Ces valeurs culturels doivent être identifié, spatialisée et réhabiliter. La meilleure façon de le préserver, quel qu’il soit, est de le partager avec les autres A nos jours AJESH, l’un de leurs accompagnateur technique a déjà aidé à documenter les usages culturelles dans près de 29 villages sur les 42 que compte le paysage. Ceci est dans le but d’intégrer la gouvernance culturelle dans la politique nationale de gestion des ressources naturelles pour un développement durable des terroirs du paysage d’Ebo forest.
Perception of women towards resource management in the Ebo forest landscape.
The Ebo forest, with an area of 2000 km², proposed to be erected as a protected area by the State of Cameroon in collaboration with WWF in 1985 has not been classified despite petitions and letters of encouragement from communities’ residents, elites and defenders of the environment. This forest is teeming with a population of endangered great apes, elephants and other small animals. There is also the arrival of agro-industries such as Azur (Green Field), CREFAT, palm oil producing companies with plantations of more than 123,000 hectares on a site where the carbon sequestration rate is estimated there. to more than 35 million tons. This forest landscape, which until then had no legal status, is now suffering from ever-increasing deforestation and poaching, a source of the rise in illegal logging. Faced with this, the local populations have no way out for their development. While the latter were finally waiting for this forest landscape to be erected in a legal framework more conducive to their local aspirations, it was then that the Government decided to segment it into 02 UFAs in June 2020. Part of this UFA was classified in August 2020 by decree and was already planned for operation on the site planned for the park. Faced with this situation, a lot of ink has flowed both among the local populations and on the side of civil society, politicians and even international opinion in order to put pressure on the State to change the classification decision. For the state, he believes that the UFA will help achieve national development goals. And for the opposing camp, the UFAs that have always existed in the northern part of the landscape have only served operators without any visible contribution to the communities. Since the same causes can produce the same effects, they think they have a say in the management of resources in their territory. This made it possible to engage in numerous dialogue sessions with the State, having at the center the Banen, local populations who were removed from the landscape so that the site could be set up as a Conservation Park. Their indignation which was supported beyond the national territory had brought the State to order and the project of creation of UFA was abandoned. A victory that will allow an in-depth analysis of the uses of the local populations so that in any future process. Thus, in the face of all these debates, the Banen men were at the front to claim their right to their cultural and ancestral heritage. The rights of women have not been explicitly elucidated, yet they are the first direct victim of the uncoordinated actions of the State on their ancestral lands. They were not heard in the debates that were organized around the status of the forest, yet they are at the heart of food security in the Ebo landscape. In order for the voice of women in the Ebo landscape to be heard in this debate, for a contribution to the sustainable management of resources, AJESH with the support of GGF wanted to pave the way for understanding the place of the uses made by women for development of a future sustainable management plan for the forest. The voice of women in the sustainable management of the Ebo forest landscape Uses of women in the Ebo landscape Women, on whom nearly 75% of the family burden rests in the villages of the Ebo landscape, practice 90% of agriculture. Among other things, it is also the collection of NWFPs, group fishing and small trade. Recently, with logging, PNFLs (wild mango, moabi, black pepper, djancent, hazelnut, leaf for packaging, etc.) are disappearing exponentially. They are more and more distant from the center of the villages. These precious cessâmes formerly collected behind the huts today require more energy expenditure for women because they sometimes have to go more than 10km from the village. For agriculture, it is their main activity. They are not accompanied despite the problems related to land allocations which they encounter. The desire of the State to classify the lands on which they derive their source of subsistence, without a support plan, is a brake on their development. And the women of the landscape protest against the actions of the State against their use, a source of family fulfilment. Thus, AJESH organized in-depth discussions with women in the landscape and resulted in the development of participatory maps on the uses of women in the villages of Nsake, Dooundack and Dibeng. These maps, drawn up for each village and merged into one, show the spatial distribution of women’s uses as well as some of the conflicts encountered. But these conflicts do not emanate from state land allocations but from the shrinking of women’s areas of activity with the growth of forest allocations to forestry companies and land to agro-industries. This map shows, in fact, the current mode of resource management by women in the Ebo landscape despite this small sample, there is a need to involve all women in the landscape. Figure 1 : Forest usage by women in Dibeng-Nsake © October AJESH, 2020. In the mapped villages, the source of water supply by the household is from the surrounding rivers. Most of the latter are polluted due to illegal logging, thus increasing the level of vulnerability to diseases among those who have neither a health center for the minimum service nor a road for the evacuation of agricultural products. Even polluted waters do not allow the survival of the poisons that women collect during known seasons. NTFPs are quite far from villages and suffer the effects of logging. Agricultural activities are reduced around the villages. Concerns about the shrinking spaces in which women use is made to be addressed in the decisions of classification of forest areas on the Ebo landscape. The result of the latter is the shrinking of agricultural areas. The concentration of agricultural activities along communication routes for agricultural activities generates many disputes to which women are more vulnerable.
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Training Of Community Forest Management Committees Launched In Manyu
A project to reorganise and train village forest management committees (VFMCs) has been launched at Mamfe, inManyu Division, South West Region of Cameroon. AJEMALEBU SELP HELP (AJESH) with the support of the Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife (MINFOF) organised the workshop to commence the training of some selected VFMCs around Manyu Division. The training was aimed at drilling the VFMCs on their functions and roles in the management of FMUs (forest management units) in accordance to the above mentioned decision No. 135/D/CAB of 26th November 1999. The decision fixed the procedures of classification of permanent forest in Cameroon. It stipulates that the local population should be closely associated to the process and that they will have a say in the classification commission. Hence, with regard to the “Aménagement et Suivi des forêts du Cameroun” financed by the Contract of Indebtedness and Development (C2D), and convention No. CCMI233 01 G of 28th of June 2012 signed between AgenceFrancaise de Dévélopement (AFD) and Cameroon, AJESH and MINFOF organized an official launching ceremony of the project on the theme “Capacity Building of Village Forest Management Committees” in Mamfe. The Program for the Sustainable Management of Natural Resources for the South West Region (PSMNR-SWR) and SEFECCAM supported the launching of the workshop. The main objectives of the workshop included: informing stakeholders involved in FMU management on the C2D PSFE2 project; preparing the minds of the various parties responsible with the setting up, reorganization and training of VFMCs; creation of an enabling environment for the implementation of the project and to effectively engage concerned stakeholders. Among the stakeholders were the Regional Chief of Service for Promotion and Transformation of Forest Products representing South West MINFOF Regional Delegate;MINFOF Divisional Delegate for Manyu;South West Regional Chief of Service of Forestry; Chief of Forestry and Wildlife Control Post of Eyumodjock and Numba; representative of PSMNR; representative of SEFECCAM/SIENCAM; community representatives and local NGOs/CSOs. In his welcome speech, the Divisional Delegate of MINFOF Manyu noted that the workshop was organised to respond to a worry that although VFMCs exist in Manyu, “they are not active in the management of the forest management units.They don’t have a thorough understanding of their roles,nor do they have documents related to their activities in FMU management.” The Delegate observed that VFMC members have been very passive in executing their responsibilities and this has contributed in promoting illegality in the management of FMUs within Manyu Division. The VFMCs were, therefore, expected to become more active and cooperate with other actors for the full success of project activities while a conducive and promising environment is created for project implementation. Community representatives from Nguti Council Municipality present to stakeholders involve with land management in the South West Region of Cameroon their traditional Land tenure and usage Maps. Village communities in Nguti Sub-division in the South West Region of Cameroon have presented their traditional land tenure systems and land use maps which they collectively developed. The communities variously represented by their chiefs, traditional elites as well as youth and women’s leaders presented their traditional land tenure systems and land use maps during a four-day workshop at the Nguti Council Hall. It was also an opportunity for the communities to present the challenges they face in the use and management of these lands . This is the first time time that communities in an entire administrative unit are supported to map their traditional land tenure usage through participatory mapping as step toward a participatory land use planning that is ongoing in the municipality. A cross-section of government administrators as well as elected officials also attended the workshop. The presentation of the participatory land use maps came in the wake of the project, Mapping and Forest Governance, funded by the British Department for International Development UK (DfID), and implemented in Cameroon by AJEMALIBU SELF HELP (AJESH) with the support of Forêts et Development Rurale (FODER) and the Rainforest Foundation UK (RFUK). Dr. Tchouto Peguy, a forest expert with the Programme for Sustainable Management of Natural Resources – South West Region, reiterated that land use mapping enables communities to gather statistics concerning their land and resources. “It provides base-line information for sustainable management of resources,” Dr. Peguy added. The workshop who is itself an innovation was also organized to try to find solutions to the problems the villagers are facing, said Georges Thierry Handja, RFUK Mapping Coordinator. “This project is to help the villagers present the way they organize traditionally the land between themselves and the way they use this land for their livelihood activities. It will also help them to put together all the information concerning their land and all the other allocations done by the state and how this can be fine-tuned so that the communities can continue to live in harmony. We also hope that the maps will help bring together communities and decision-makers for proper communication on the challenges and the way forward,” Handja added. The project that will be completed in 2017 is expected to evolve a large scale land use map for land use planning and natural resource management for sustainable development. “Initially, I personally did not understand what land use mapping and forest governance was all about, but gradually I have been able to understand it and I think it will be to the advantage of my municipality as we now know how to go about land use planning,” said Tong George Enoh, Mayor of Nguti Council. Among the challenges that the land use participatory maps helped to uncover is that much of Nguti is occupied by one protected area or the other, leaving a meager portion of the sub-division for the use of the population. Chief Ewoh Prosper Mayarh, chief of the Banyu clan who participated very actively in developing the traditional land tenure and usage maps for his village, said whatever scanty portion of land that is left for the inhabitants is further reduced by harsh topography; rocky and hilly areas, wetlands, poor infrastructural development, an increasing population, indiscriminate sale